● On view now — Gallery 161
Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago · verified July 2026
FROM THE ART INSTITUTE OF CHICAGO’S CATALOG
Augustus Saint-Gaudens modeled a series of low-relief portraits of his artist friends in Paris, including this depiction of painter Jules Bastien-Lepage. The sculptor playfully featured a palette and brushes yet concealed most of the sitter’s hands—which are so important to an artist’s act of making. This shallow relief sculpture was made by the newly developed process of electrotyping. Electrically charged metals and metal alloys (here copper and bronze) adhered to a mold of the original clay sculpture at the particle level, creating a thin—yet faithful—copy. Saint-Gaudens is the earliest known American artist to invest in the technique, ordering electrotypes of two of his works from the Magee Furnace Company.
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Edgar Degas|Edgar Degas — Self-Portrait
Honoré Daumier (French, 1808–1879) — Singing Guitarist (rect
Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841–1919) — Louis Valtat
Henri Fantin-Latour — Self-Portrait
François Bonvin (French, 1817–1887) — Guitar Player
Carlo Pellegrini — Portrait of Whistler
Edgar Degas — Edgar Degas: Self-Portrait
Pierre-Auguste Renoir — Portrait of Louis Valtat
James McNeill Whistler — The Guitar Player (M.W. Ridley)
Félix Henri Bracquemond — Portrait of Meryon
Charles Hasslewood Shannon (British, 1863–1937) — Lucien Pis
James McNeill Whistler — Firelight: Joseph Pennell, No. 1